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Category C: Complex Sentences
Complex sentences are composed of the following two components.
1.) The main clause
2.) One or more subordinate clauses or phrases
There are four ways in which we can link them together to produce complex sentences. Once again, don’t bother yourself too much over these grammatical terms. You will be learning by examples.
1) with adverbial clauses
Whenever they break the rule, they have to pay the penalty.
Unless you tell us your problem, we cannot help you.
We will talk at length after you get home.
You should call me in case you need my support.
2) with noun clauses
The man being chased by the police has robbed a bank. (as a subject)
I do not understand what he wants to say. (as an object)
The main question is why he had to tell a lie. (as a compliment)
3) with relative clauses
A large number of students who take English proficiency tests like IELTS scoreless in the writing section.
Many children who are sent to hostels suffer from homesickness.
4) with infinitive or participles
To set up your own business, you will need to make a huge investment.
The master went into the woods looking for his dog.
You are going to learn how to make complex sentences in various ways. However, I recommend that you learn to form sentences using conjunctions before you move on to more complex structures.
Use the conjunctions appropriately from the five groups given below to join sentences. You may give more than one possible answer.
link: and, both…and, or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also
contrast: but, however, nevertheless, though/although, in spite of, despite, whereas
reason/purpose: because, for, as, since, so that, in order that
result: so, therefore
additional information: besides, moreover, anyway
  1. You cannot blame him for the loss. It was your mistake.
  2. You can join us at the party. You can stay alone at home.
  3. It is the best college in Gujarat. I am fortunate to have gained admission.
  4. I did more practice. I would be able to perform with confidence.
  5. I have been using this drug for a long time. I have little knowledge about the side effects.
  6. I hesitate to ask him for a loan. I have already borrowed some money from him.
  7. Some people are exceptionally talented. They are not able to use their talent.
  8. Satyam is fond of computer programming. Nidhi loves writing stories and poems.
  9. He didn’t break the glass. He didn’t even touch it.
  10. You pay for the damage. I will lodge a complaint.
  11. This model is very expensive. I am not going to buy it.
  12. Sonia gets on well with everyone at school. She is sociable and friendly by nature.
  13. The workers have gone on strike. The company has refused to consider their demands.
  14. He belongs to a large family. None of his family members supports him.
  15. Minakshi criticizes her boss; at other times she admires him.
  16. The prices of raw materials have gone up. We have not increased the prices of our products.
  17. I have saved some money. I can use it during a financial crisis.
  18. The voice was not clearly audible. I could not understand him properly.
Possible Answers
  1. You cannot blame him for the loss because/since it was your mistake.
  2. (Either) You can join us at the party or you can stay alone at home.
  3. It is the best college in Gujarat so I am fortunate to have gained admission.
  4. I did more practice so that/in order that  I would be able to perform with confidence.
  5. I have been using this drug for a long time. However, I have little knowledge about the side effects.
    Although I have been using this drug for a long time, I have little knowledge about the side effects.
  6. I hesitate to ask him for a loan because/since I have already borrowed some money from him.
  7. Although some people are exceptionally talented, they are not able to use their talent.
    In spite of/despite being exceptionally talented, some people are not able to use their talent.
    Some people are exceptionally talented. Nevertheless,/However, they are not able to use their talent.
  8. Satyam is fond of computer programming, whereas Nidhi loves writing stories and poems.
  9. Not only did he not break the glass, but he also didn’t even touch it.
  10. (Either) You pay for the damage or I will lodge a complaint.
  11. This model is very expensive, so/therefore I am not going to buy it.
  12. Sonia gets on well with everyone at school because she is sociable and friendly by nature.
  13. The workers have gone on strike because the company has refused to consider their demands.
  14. He belongs to a large family but/though none of his family members supports him.
  15. Minakshi both criticizes and admires her boss.
  16. Although the prices of raw materials have gone up, we have not increased the prices of our products.
    In spite of/despite the prices of raw material has gone up, we have not increased the prices of our products.
    The prices of raw materials have gone up. Nevertheless,/However, we have not increased the prices of our products.
  17. I have saved some money so that I can use it during a financial crisis.
  18. The voice was not clearly audible so I could not understand him properly.

 

Sources: Focus Educraft